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Professional Counter-Strike competition

Professional Counter-Strike competition involves professional gamers competing in the first-person shooter game series Counter-Strike.

The original game, released in 🧬 1999, is a mod developed by Minh "Gooseman" Le and Jess Cliffe of the 1998 video game Half-Life, published by 🧬 Valve.

Currently, the games that have been played competitively include Counter-Strike (CS also called CS 1.

6), Counter-Strike: Condition Zero (CS:CZ), Counter-Strike: 🧬 Source (CS:S) and Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (CS:GO).

Major esports championships began in 2001 with the Cyberathlete Professional League Winter Championship, won 🧬 by Ninjas in Pyjamas.

[1][2]History [ edit ]

The Counter-Strike series has over 20 years of competitive history beginning with the original 🧬 Counter-Strike.

Tournaments for early versions of the game have been hosted since 2000, but the first prestigious international tournament was hosted 🧬 in Dallas, Texas at the 2001 Cyberathlete Professional League (CPL) Winter Championship, won by the Swedish team Ninjas in Pyjamas.

The 🧬 tournament offered a $150,000 prize pool and became known as the first "Major".

[1] The final significant update to the original 🧬 Counter-Strike game was version 1.

6 in 2003, and so the game became known as Counter-Strike 1.6 ("CS 1.6").

2001 Winter CPL 🧬 Counter-Strike tournament

In 2002, the World Cyber Games became the next tournament to host competitive Counter-Strike, followed by the Electronic Sports 🧬 World Cup in 2003.

These, along with the bi-annual CPL tournaments, were the dominant Majors of CS 1.6 through 2007.

CPL ceased 🧬 operation in 2008, but another league, ESL, then added Counter-Strike to its Intel Extreme Masters (IEM) series.

These tournaments continued for 🧬 four years.

[1] The years of 2002-07 are considered Counter-Strike's first Golden Age, as the game's popularity and market-share eclipsed all 🧬 others in the fledgling esports industry.[citation needed]

Valve struggled to iterate and evolve on CS 1.

6 because of its high skill 🧬 ceiling and gameplay.

The Counter-Strike Xbox release had limited success as compared to that of Halo and Call of Duty.

The first 🧬 official sequel was Counter-Strike: Source (CS:S), released on November 1, 2004.

The game was criticized by the competitive community, who believed 🧬 the game's skill ceiling was significantly lower than that of CS 1.6.

This caused a divide in the competitive community as 🧬 to which game to play competitively.

[3] Valve, sponsors, and tournament organizers were advocating for the newer CS:S to be played 🧬 at tournaments, but the large majority of professional CS players refused to play it due to its perceived shortcomings.

[citation needed] 🧬 Counter-Strike esports gradually decreased in popularity during the late 2000s and early 2010s.

This was in part due to the fractured 🧬 competitive scene, but also due to the newcomer MOBA genre overcoming Counter-Strike's previous stranglehold on the team-based esport market.

The release 🧬 of Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (CS:GO) in 2012 reunited the competitive community of Counter-Strike, ushering in a new era of esports 🧬 relevance for the franchise.

Initially, the game was criticized for imbalanced gameplay, poor mechanics and bugs.

However, within several months the gameplay 🧬 improved after updates from Valve.

The advent of video game streaming services such as UStream, Justin.

tv and Twitch increased the popularity 🧬 of competitive Counter-Strike.

On September 16, 2013, Valve announced a US$250,000 community-funded prize pool for its first CS:GO Major Championship; the 🧬 money was funded through the "Arms Deal" update, which created in-game cosmetics that players could purchase.

Valve also announced that the 🧬 first Major would take place in Sweden at DreamHack Winter 2013.

[1] The Valve-sponsored Majors would go on to be the 🧬 most important and prestigious tournaments in the Global Offensive esports scene.

In October 2015, a number of professional esports organizations with 🧬 Counter-Strike teams announced the formation of a trade union that set several demands for future tournament attendance.

The announcement was a 🧬 publicly posted email written by Alexander Kokhanovsky, CEO of Natus Vincere, that was sent to organizers of major esports events.

Teams 🧬 that were part of the union included Natus Vincere, Team Liquid, Counter Logic Gaming, Cloud9, Virtus.

pro, Team SoloMid, Fnatic, Ninjas 🧬 in Pyjamas, Titan and Team EnVyUs.

Teams in this union would not attend Counter-Strike: Global Offensive tournaments with prize pools of 🧬 less than $75,000.

[4] In 2016, the World eSports Association (WESA) was founded by ESL with many esports teams, including Fnatic, 🧬 Natus Vincere, Team EnVyUs and FaZe Clan,[5] though FaZe Clan left soon after the league's formation.

[6] In its announcement, WESA 🧬 said it would "further professionalize eSports by introducing elements of player representation, standardized regulations, and revenue sharing for teams".

They also 🧬 planned to help fans and organizers by "seeking to create predictable schedules."[5]

Valve's decisions have a strong influence on the competitive 🧬 metagame.

Decisions such as the removal of old maps and additions of new maps are often met with criticism, as well 🧬 as changes made to certain weapons' performance characteristics.

In 2016, Valve was "heavily criticized" for the removal of the map Inferno 🧬 and its replacement, Nuke, in the competitive map pool.

[7][8] The release of CS 1.

6 in 2003 saw a contentious nerf 🧬 of the iconic AWP sniper rifle by increasing its draw time.

This significantly reduced the ability of a player armed with 🧬 an AWP to simultaneously engage multiple targets.

The AWP was again the subject of a controversial nerf in 2015 when players' 🧬 movement speed and acceleration was decreased while the weapon was equipped.

Valve has also implemented new coaching rules restricting the ability 🧬 of communication between coaches and players during a match, and altered a 15-year precedent by increasing the duration of each 🧬 round and bomb timer in 2015.[9]

By 2014, 25 million copies of the Counter-Strike series were sold.

The game's fan base remains 🧬 strong, having reached a new record of 1.

4 million concurrent players in March 2023, surpassing the game's previous record of 🧬 1.

3 million concurrent players in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.[10][2][11]

Tournament system [ edit ]

Counter-Strike tournaments can be hosted by any 🧬 entity, and do not have a single official event organizer (like FIFA in football association, for example).

The Major Championships, sponsored 🧬 by Valve and held by different organizers twice a year, are the most prestigious tournaments, although they may not necessarily 🧬 have the highest prizes.

Most of the big teams compete, most of the time, in world tournaments that bring together teams 🧬 from all corners of the world.

[12][13] Some of the most notable major tournaments are organized by ESL, such as the 🧬 Intel Extreme Masters and ESL Pro League, and by BLAST, such as the BLAST Premier series.

Tournaments that do not have 🧬 a worldwide character are usually organized for teams of lower level, serving as qualifiers for the main tournaments.[14][12]

Teams rankings are 🧬 published by HLTV and ESL, who use various criteria to determine the best ranked teams from the most recent tournaments.

These 🧬 rankings are then used by some tournament organizers to directly invite teams, depending on their rank.

In 2023, Valve announced that 🧬 starting in 2025, only the official Valve ranking system could be used to generate invitations, and all other "large-scale" events 🧬 need to use open qualifiers.

Media coverage [ edit ]

As the game and the scene grew in popularity, companies, including WME/IMG 🧬 and Turner Broadcasting, began to televise Global Offensive professional games, with the first being ELEAGUE Major 2017, held at the 🧬 Fox Theatre and broadcast on US cable television network TBS in 2016.

[15] On August 22, 2018, Turner announced its further 🧬 programming of Global Offensive with ELEAGUE's Esports 101: CSGO and ELEAGUE CS:GO Premier 2018's docuseries on TBS.[16]

Controversies [ edit ]Cheating 🧬 [ edit ]

Cheating, particularly through the use of software hacks on online servers, has been a problem throughout the history 🧬 of Counter-Strike and generally results in a game ban if discovered.

A Valve Anti-Cheat (VAC) ban is the most common way 🧬 in which players are banned.

VAC is a system designed by Valve to detect cheats on computers.

Any time a player connects 🧬 to a VAC-secured server and a cheat is detected, the user is kicked from the server, given a permanent lifetime 🧬 ban and barred from playing on any VAC-secured servers.

[17] Professional players play online on independent platform servers hosted by leagues 🧬 such as ESEA or Faceit, which have proprietary anti-cheat programs.[18]

Linus "b0bbzki" Lundqvist was the first known professional player to be 🧬 banned in Global Offensive.

Hovik "KQLY" Tovmassian was one of the highest-profile players to be issued a VAC ban.

KQLY was banned, 🧬 along with several other professional players, such as Gordon "Sf" Giry, while KQLY was playing for France's best team, Titan.

[19] 🧬 Vinicius "v$m" Moreira from Brazil was VAC-banned while he was playing for Detona Gaming.[20]

Cheating has also occurred at LAN tournaments, 🧬 and players who cheat at organized tournaments may receive permanent bans or may be dismissed from their team.

In 2018, at 🧬 the eXTREMESLAND ZOWIE Asia CS:GO, Nikhil "forsaken" Kumawat of OpTic India was caught cheating mid-match using aimbot during a tournament 🧬 game against Revolution, a Vietnamese Counter-Strike: Global Offensive team.

[21] The tournament had a $100,000 prize pool.

[22] OpTic India was disqualified 🧬 and Kumawat was dismissed from the team.[23]

In 2020, the Esports Integrity Commission (ESIC) banned over 37 coaches[24] due to abuse 🧬 of a spectator mode bug.

Valve also has punished these coaches from a number of CS:GO Majors with the severity dependant 🧬 on the number of times the bug was abused.[25]

On 15 April 2021, Valve updated event guidelines to allow players with 🧬 VAC banned accounts to compete again in Valve sponsored events.

[26] The updated rules state: A VAC ban will only disqualify 🧬 a player from an event if it was either received less than 5 years prior, or if it was received 🧬 at any time after their first participation in a Valve-sponsored event.

Match fixing [ edit ]

Players have also been banned for 🧬 match fixing.

In August 2014, two CS:GO teams, iBUYPOWER and NetcodeGuides.

com, were involved in a match-fixing scandal that has been cited 🧬 as "the first large match fixing scandal" in the CS:GO community.

[27] iBUYPOWER, who was heavily favored to win, lost in 🧬 a resounding 16-to-4 defeat to NetcodeGuides.com.

It was later discovered in a tip to Dot Esports that the match was fixed.[28]

On 🧬 20 Jan 2021, ESIC issues sanctions against 35 players[29] for betting related offences primarily in the Australian CS:GO scene.

On the 🧬 31st of March 2021 the Commissioner of the ESIC, Ian Smith, has revealed that the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 🧬 is now involved in the ongoing investigation into match-fixing in North American Counter-Strike, which has been underway since September 2020.

[30] 🧬 ESIC is collaborating with federal law enforcement as part of a larger investigation into players bribed to fix matches by 🧬 outside "betting syndicates".

Gambling [ edit ]

Following the introduction of weapon skins into Global Offensive with the Arms Deal update in 🧬 August 2013, a virtual economy formed around the skins based on rarity and desirability.

Because of this, a number of skin-trading 🧬 and gambling sites using the Steamworks API were created.

Initially, these sites focused on wagering skins on the outcomes of professional 🧬 and semi-professional CS:GO matches, in the vein of sports betting.

However, some of these sites began to offer casino gambling functionality 🧬 in 2015, allowing users to gamble their skins on the outcome of roulette spins, coin flips, dice rolls, and other 🧬 games of chance.

[31][32] According to research firm Eilers & Krejcik Gaming, players and esports fans wagered $2.

3 billion in 2015,[33] 🧬 and $5 billion in 2016[34] on CS:GO skins.

In June and July of that year, two lawsuits were filed against specific 🧬 gambling sites and Valve, arguing that Valve allowed their skins to be used for illegal underage gambling.

[35][36] Valve began to 🧬 take steps to prevent these sites from using Steamworks for gambling purposes, and several of the sites ceased operating as 🧬 a result.

[37] In July 2018, Valve disabled the opening of containers in Belgium and the Netherlands after the in-game loot 🧬 boxes appeared to violate Dutch and Belgium gambling laws.

[38] However, some parties have tried to contest Valve's gambling rules.[39]

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